With the updating and iterative development of the manufacturing industry, the sheet metal industry has also developed rapidly. Now sheet metal involves all walks of life. Any sheet metal part has a certain processing process, that is, the so-called sheet metal processing process.

Sheet metal processing process

Blanking: Digital punching, laser cutting, plate shears

Forming - bending, stretching, punching: bending machine, punch, etc

Other processing: press riveting, tapping, etc

Welding: how sheet metal is connected

Surface treatment: powder spraying, electroplating, wire drawing, silk screen printing, etc

Blanking

After the drawing is in hand, the blanking methods of sheet metal mainly include punching, laser cutting, plate shears, die blanking, etc. NC is the commonly used method at present. Laser cutting is mostly used in the proofing stage (stainless steel sheet metal parts can also be processed). The processing cost is high, and die blanking is mostly used for mass processing.

Deburring of sheet metal process

After the workpiece is blanking, the corners, burrs, sticking points, and skin connection shall be trimmed as necessary. At the tool contact, the flat file shall be used for trimming, and the workpiece with large burrs shall be trimmed with an angle grinder.

Riveting, tapping, and spot welding

After blanking, enter the next process, and different workpieces enter the corresponding process according to the processing requirements.

There are bending, riveting, flanging tapping, spot welding, and segment difference. Sometimes after bending one or two times, the nut or stud should be pressed well, and the parts with mold convex hull and segment difference should be processed first.

To avoid the interference of other processes after processing, the required processing cannot be completed. If there is a hook on the upper cover or lower shell, if it cannot be welded after bending, it should be processed before bending.

Sheet metal bending

When bending, the cutter and groove used in bending should be determined according to the size and material thickness on the drawing first. Avoiding the deformation caused by the collision between the product and the cutter is the key to the selection of the upper die, and the selection of the lower die is determined according to the thickness of the plate.

The second is to determine the sequence of bending. The general law of bending is first inside than outside, first small than large, first special than ordinary. For the workpiece with the edge to be crushed, firstly bend the workpiece to 30 ° - 40 °, and then press the workpiece with the leveling die.

When pressing riveting, it is necessary to consider the height of the studs, select the same and different molds, and then adjust the pressure of the press to ensure that the studs are flush with the surface of the workpiece, to prevent the studs from not being pressed firmly or being pressed out beyond the surface of the workpiece, causing the workpiece to be scrapped.

Sheet metal process flow, sheet metal welding

Welding includes argon arc welding, spot welding, carbon dioxide shielded welding, manual arc welding, etc. for spot welding, the welding position of the workpiece should be considered first, and positioning tooling should be considered in mass production to ensure the accuracy of spot welding position.

To weld firmly, punch bumps on the workpiece to be welded, so that the bumps can be in uniform contact with the flat plate before power on welding, to ensure that the heating of each point is consistent, and at the same time, the welding position can be determined.

Similarly, to weld, adjust the pre-pressing time, pressure holding time, maintenance time, and rest time to ensure that the workpiece can be spot welded firmly. After spot welding, there will be weld scars on the surface of the workpiece.

It should be treated with a flat grinder. Sub arc welding is mainly used for the treatment of the edges and corners of two workpieces that are large and connected, to achieve the flatness and smoothness of the workpiece surface.

The heat generated during sub-arc welding is easy to deform the workpiece. After welding, it should be treated with a grinder and a flat grinder, especially in terms of edges and corners.

Sheet metal process flow, surface treatment

After bending, riveting and other processes are completed, the workpiece shall be subject to surface treatment. The treatment methods for different plate surfaces are different. After cold plate processing, the surface is generally electroplated. After electroplating, spraying treatment is not carried out. Phosphating treatment is adopted, and spraying treatment is carried out after phosphating treatment. The surface of electroplated plates shall be cleaned, degreased, and then sprayed.

Stainless steel plates can be brushed before bending without spraying. If spraying is required, roughening treatment shall be carried out;

Aluminum plates are generally treated by oxidation, and different oxidation base colors are selected according to different colors of spraying. Commonly used are black and natural color oxidation;

Aluminum plates to be sprayed shall be sprayed after chromate oxidation treatment. Surface pretreatment can clean the surface, significantly improve the adhesion of the film, and double the corrosion resistance of the film.

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